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俄羅斯人生活的眾生相 俄羅斯美女：楚潘·哈瑪托娃

大諾夫哥羅德：重現冰上戰役

來源： 《透視俄羅斯》
Veliky Novgorod, the ancient city 330 miles northwest of Moscow, celebrates historic milestone in style. A two-day festival of historical reenactment is dedicated to the 771st anniversary of the legendary Battle of the Ice of 1242, which saved Russia from a full-scale invasion from the North.
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Mikhail Mordasov / Focus Pictures

大諾夫哥羅德是位於莫斯科西北方532公里處的一座古城，最近慶祝了它歷史上里程碑式的事件。為期兩天的歷史再現活動是為了紀念1242年傳奇的冰之戰役第771周年。這一戰抵抗住了來自北方的大規模入侵，挽救了俄羅斯。
Veliky Novgorod, or just Novgorod, is one of the most important historic cities in Russia. It was founded in the 9th century. Alexander Nevsky (1220 – 1263) was the Prince of Novgorod during some of the most trying times in the city's history.

Mikhail Mordasov / Focus Pictures

大諾夫哥羅德，或簡稱 諾夫戈羅德，是俄羅斯最重要的歷史文化名城之一。它始建於公元9世紀。亞歷山大·涅夫斯基（1220年 - 1263年）是這座城市最困難的歷史時期的諾夫戈羅德王子。
The Battle on the Ice was a battle between the Republic of Novgorod and the Teutonic Knights on April 5, 1242, at Lake Peipus. The battle is notable for having been fought largely on the frozen lake.

Mikhail Mordasov / Focus Pictures

冰之戰役是在1242年4月5日，諾夫戈羅德共和國和條頓騎士團在楚德湖爆發的一場戰鬥。這場戰役是因為主戰場是冰凍的湖面而聞名的。
Reenactment groups from different Russian regions come to Novgorod for two-day historic festival. Using authentic armour and weaponry, knights held jousts and swordfights for the audience.

Mikhail Mordasov / Focus Pictures

來自俄羅斯不同地區參與為期兩天的歷史再現活動的人們來到了諾夫戈羅德。他們使用真正的盔甲和武器，騎士端著騎槍，手持利劍為觀眾表演。
Detailed attention to authenticity in design and construction is given equally as well to footwear, camp gear, accoutrements, military equipment, weapons and so on. These items offer the wearer a lifelike experience in the use of materials, tailoring and manufacturing techniques.

Mikhail Mordasov / Focus Pictures

他們不僅在設計和建築上註意了真實性，同樣在鞋類，宿營裝備，著裝，軍事裝備，武器等方面也很註意。這些物品讓著裝者真正體驗到了當時所使用的材料以及剪裁和制造技術。
Reasons given for taking part in medieval reenactment vary. Some participants are interested in getting a historical perspective. Others participate for the escapism that such events offer.

Mikhail Mordasov / Focus Pictures

人們參與中世紀歷史再現活動的原因各有不同。一些參與者感興趣的是歷史的視角，另一些人則是因為參與這類活動能夠逃避現實。
Most participants are amateurs who pursue history as a hobby. Participants within this hobby are extremely diverse. The ages of participants range from young children whose parents bring them along to events, to the elderly.

Mikhail Mordasov / Focus Pictures

大多數參與者都把追尋歷史作為一種業余愛好。有這一愛好的參與者有著各自不同的背景。參與者有父母帶著來參加活動的小孩子，也有老年人。
This festival, officialy known as the "Muster of Martial Retinues in Veliky Novgorod", is celebrated here annually, for the 14th time.

Mikhail Mordasov / Focus Pictures

這一節日的正式名稱是“諾夫戈羅德騎士扈從召集儀式”，每年這里都會慶祝這個節日，今年已經是第14次了。
Almost all these years the title of the best archer was won by Sergey Ivanov from Saint-Petersburg. This year he has won the main prize again.

Mikhail Mordasov / Focus Pictures

這些年來幾乎每屆最佳弓箭手頭銜的獲得者都是來自聖彼得堡的謝爾蓋·伊萬諾夫。今年他再次贏得這一大獎。
Speaking of the Battle of the Ice, Alexander Nevsky’s victory was a significant event in the history of the Middle Ages. Foot soldiers of Novgorod had surrounded and defeated an army of knights, mounted on horseback and clad in thick armour, long before Western Europeans learned how foot soldiers could prevail over mounted knights.

Mikhail Mordasov / Focus Pictures

說到冰之戰役，亞歷山大·涅夫斯基所取得的勝利，是中世紀歷史上的一件大事。諾夫戈羅德的步兵包圍並擊敗了一支身披重甲的騎兵部隊，要比西歐掌握用步兵戰勝騎兵早了很多。
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2013年4月27日
標簽: 歷史、 戰爭

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